Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali zezinto zomqalo

Izinto zomqalo zinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-cellulose, ukuma kwefayibha encane, izakhiwo ezinhle zomshini kanye ne-plasticity. Njengenye into enhle yokwenza iphepha lokhuni, umqalo ungahlangabezana nezidingo ze-pulp zokwenza iphepha eliphakathi neliphezulu. Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali e-bamboo kanye nezakhiwo ze-fiber kunezici ezinhle zokugaya. Ukusebenza kwe-pulp ye-bamboo kungokwesibili kuphela ngemva kwe-pulp yezinkuni ze-coniferous, futhi kungcono kune-pulp yezinkuni enamaqabunga abanzi kanye ne-pulp yotshani. IMyanmar, i-India kanye namanye amazwe ahamba phambili emhlabeni emkhakheni wokugaya nokubhala iphepha le-bamboo. Imikhiqizo ye-pulp ye-bamboo kanye nephepha laseShayina ingeniswa kakhulu eMyanmar naseNdiya. Ukuthuthukisa imboni yokugaya nokubhala iphepha le-bamboo kubaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukushoda kwamanje kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-pulp yezinkuni.

I-bamboo ikhula ngokushesha futhi ngokuvamile ingavunwa eminyakeni emi-3 kuya kwemine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amahlathi e-bamboo anomphumela oqinile wokufaka ikhabhoni, okwenza izinzuzo zomnotho, zemvelo kanye nezenhlalo zemboni ye-bamboo zivelele kakhulu. Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe kanye nemishini yokukhiqiza i-bamboo pulp yaseShayina iye yavuthwa kancane kancane, futhi imishini eyinhloko efana nokushefa kanye nokugaya iye yakhiqizwa ngaphakathi ezweni. Imigqa yokukhiqiza iphepha le-bamboo elikhulu neliphakathi iye yathuthukiswa yaba yizimboni futhi yafakwa ekukhiqizweni eGuizhou, eSichuan nakwezinye izindawo.

Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ze-bamboo
Njengezinto ezisetshenziswa njenge-biomass, i-bamboo inezingxenye ezintathu ezinkulu zamakhemikhali: i-cellulose, i-hemicellulose, ne-lignin, ngaphezu kwenani elincane le-pectin, isitashi, ama-polysaccharides, kanye ne-wax. Ngokuhlaziya ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezici ze-bamboo, singaqonda izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwe-bamboo njenge-pulp kanye nephepha.
1. I-bamboo inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-cellulose
Iphepha eliqediwe kahle linezidingo eziphezulu zezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-pulp, ezidinga okuqukethwe kwe-cellulose okuphezulu, lapho okuqukethwe kwe-lignin, ama-polysaccharides kanye nezinye izinto ezikhishwe kuba ngcono, futhi lapho okuqukethwe kwe-lignin, ama-polysaccharides kanye nezinye izinto ezikhishwe kuba ngcono, kuba ngcono. UYang Rendang nabanye baqhathanisa izingxenye eziyinhloko zamakhemikhali zezinto ze-biomass ezifana ne-bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens), i-masson pine, i-poplar, kanye notshani lukakolweni bathola ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-cellulose kwakuyi-masson pine (51.20%), i-bamboo (45.50%), i-poplar (43.24%), kanye notshani lukakolweni (35.23%); okuqukethwe kwe-hemicellulose (pentosan) kwakuyi-poplar (22.61%), i-bamboo (21.12%), utshani lukakolweni (19.30%), kanye ne-masson pine (8.24%); okuqukethwe kwe-lignin kwakuyi-bamboo (30.67%), i-masson pine (27.97%), i-poplar (17.10%), kanye notshani lukakolweni (11.93%). Kungabonakala ukuthi phakathi kwezinto ezine eziqhathaniswayo, uqalo luyizinto zokusetshenziswa ezisetshenziswa njengezinto zokusetshenziswa ezilandela uphayini we-masson kuphela.
2. Imicu ye-bamboo inde futhi inesilinganiso esikhulu sokwakheka
Ubude obujwayelekile bemicu ye-bamboo bungu-1.49 ~ 2.28 mm, ububanzi obujwayelekile bungu-12.24 ~ 17.32 μm, kanti isilinganiso se-aspect singu-122 ~ 165; ubukhulu obujwayelekile bodonga lwe-fibre bungu-3.90 ~ 5.25 μm, kanti isilinganiso sodonga-kuya-emgodini singu-4.20 ~ 7.50, okuyi-fibre enodonga olujiyile ene-aspect ratio enkulu. Izinto ze-pulp zithembele kakhulu ku-cellulose ezivela ezintweni ze-biomass. Izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-biofiber ezinhle zokwenza iphepha zidinga okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-cellulose kanye nokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-lignin, okungagcini nje ngokwandisa isivuno se-pulp, kodwa futhi kunciphisa umlotha kanye nezicucu. I-bamboo inezici zemicu emide kanye ne-aspect ratio enkulu, okwenza i-fiber ixhumane izikhathi eziningi endaweni ngayinye ngemva kokuba i-pulp ye-bamboo yenziwe iphepha, futhi amandla ephepha angcono. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kwe-pulping kwe-bamboo kuseduze nokokhuni, futhi kunamandla kunezinye izitshalo zotshani ezifana notshani, utshani bukakolweni, kanye ne-bagasse.
3. I-bamboo fiber inamandla aphezulu e-fiber
I-bamboo cellulose ayigcini nje ngokuvuselelwa, ukubola, ukuhambisana ne-bio, ukunamathela emanzini, futhi inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokumelana nokushisa nokushisa, kodwa futhi inezakhiwo ezinhle zokumelana nokushisa. Ezinye izazi zenze ukuhlolwa kokudonsa ezinhlotsheni ezingu-12 zezintambo ze-bamboo futhi zathola ukuthi i-modulus yazo enwebekayo kanye namandla okudonsa adlula lawo ezintambo zezinkuni zehlathi ezikhula ngokushesha. UWang nabanye baqhathanisa izakhiwo zokudonsa zezinhlobo ezine zezintambo: uqalo, i-kenaf, i-fir, kanye ne-ramie. Imiphumela ibonise ukuthi i-modulus yokudonsa kanye namandla entambo ye-bamboo kwakuphakeme kunalawo ezinye izinto ezintathu zentambo.
4. I-bamboo inomlotha omningi kanye nokuqukethwe okukhishwe
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokhuni, uqalo lunokuqukethwe okuphezulu komlotha (cishe u-1.0%) kanye no-1% we-NAOH extract (cishe u-30.0%), okuzokhiqiza ukungcola okwengeziwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokugaya, okungafaneleki ekukhishweni nasekuphathweni kwamanzi amdaka embonini ye-pulp nephepha, futhi kuzokhulisa izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali kweminye imishini.

Njengamanje, ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yephepha le-bamboo pulp le-Yashi Paper isifinyelele izidingo ezijwayelekile ze-EU ROHS, yadlula ukuhlolwa kwe-EU AP (2002)-1, i-US FDA kanye nezinye izivivinyo ezijwayelekile zezinga lokudla emhlabeni wonke, yadlula isitifiketi se-FSC 100% samahlathi, futhi iyinkampani yokuqala eSichuan ukuthola isitifiketi sokuphepha nesempilo saseShayina; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ibilokhu ithathwa njengemikhiqizo "efanelekile yokuqapha ikhwalithi" yi-National Paper Products Inspection Center iminyaka eyishumi ilandelana, futhi iphinde yathola izindondo ezifana ne-"National Quality Stable Qualified Brand and Product" evela kwi-China Quality Tour.