Izinto ze-bamboo zinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-cellulose, ukwakheka kwefayibha ezacile, izakhiwo ezinhle zemishini kanye nepulasitiki. Njengenye into enhle yokwenza iphepha lezinto zokusetshenziswa zokhuni, u-bamboo ungahlangabezana nezidingo ze-pulp zokwenza iphepha eliphakathi nendawo neliphezulu. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali e-bamboo kanye nezakhiwo ze-fiber zinezakhiwo ezinhle zokudonsa. Ukusebenza kwe-bamboo pulp kungokwesibili ngemuva kokhuni lwe-coniferous, futhi kungcono kunokhuni olunamaqabunga abanzi kanye ne-pulp yotshani. IMyanmar, iNdiya namanye amazwe ahamba phambili emhlabeni emkhakheni we-bamboo pulping nokwenza iphepha. Imikhiqizo ye-bamboo kanye nemikhiqizo yephepha yaseChina ithengwa kakhulu evela eMyanmar naseNdiya. Ukuthuthukisa ngamandla imboni ye-bamboo pulping kanye ne-papermaking kubaluleke kakhulu ekudambiseni ukushoda kwamanje kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-wood pulp.
Uqalo lukhula ngokushesha futhi ngokuvamile lungavunwa eminyakeni emi-3 kuya kwemi-4. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amahlathi e-bamboo anomphumela oqinile wokulungiswa kwekhabhoni, okwenza izinzuzo zezomnotho, zemvelo nezenhlalo zemboni ye-bamboo zivele zivelele. Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe kanye nemishini yokukhiqiza uqalo lwaseShayina sekuvuthwe kancane kancane, kanti nemishini esemqoka njengokushefa nokudonsa ikhiqizwe ekhaya. Imigqa yokukhiqiza iphepha le-bamboo emikhulu nemaphakathi yenziwe izimboni futhi yafakwa ekukhiqizeni eGuizhou, eSichuan nakwezinye izindawo.
Izici zamakhemikhali ze-bamboo
Njengempahla ye-biomass, u-bamboo unezingxenye ezintathu zamakhemikhali ezinkulu: i-cellulose, i-hemicellulose, ne-lignin, ngaphezu kwenani elincane le-pectin, isitashi, i-polysaccharides, ne-wax. Ngokuhlaziya ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali nezici ze-bamboo, singaqonda ubuhle kanye nobubi boqalo njenge-pulp nempahla yephepha.
1. I-bamboo inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-cellulose
Iphepha eliqediwe eliphakeme linezidingo eziphakeme zezinto zokusetshenziswa kwe-pulp, ezidinga ukuphakama kwe-cellulose okuqukethwe, okungcono, futhi ukwehla kokuqukethwe kwe-lignin, i-polysaccharides nezinye izinto ezikhishwe, kungcono. U-Yang Rendang et al. waqhathanisa izingxenye zamakhemikhali eziyinhloko zezinto ze-biomass ezifana noqalo (Phyllostachys pubescens), i-masson pine, poplar, notshani kakolweni futhi wathola ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-cellulose kwakungu-masson pine (51.20%), uqalo (45.50%), upopulari (43.24%), notshani lukakolweni (35.23%); okuqukethwe kwe-hemicellulose (pentosan) kwakungu-poplar (22.61%), uqalo (21.12%), utshani lukakolweni (19.30%), ne-masson pine (8.24%); okuqukethwe kwe-linnin kwakuyi-bamboo (30.67%), i-mason pine (27.97%), i-poplar (17.10%), notshani lukakolweni (11.93%). Kuyabonakala ukuthi phakathi kwezinto ezine zokuqhathanisa, uqalo luwukudonsa okuluhlaza okwesibili ku-mason pine.
2. Izintambo zoqalo zinde futhi zine-aspect ratio enkulu
Ubude obujwayelekile bemicu ye-bamboo yi-1.49 ~ 2.28 mm, ububanzi obujwayelekile buyi-12.24 ~ 17.32 μm, futhi i-aspect ratio yi-122 ~ 165; ubukhulu bodonga obumaphakathi bomucu bungu-3.90 ~ 5.25 μm, futhi isilinganiso sodonga kuya emgodini singu-4.20 ~ 7.50, okuyifayibha enodonga oluwugqinsi ene-aspect ratio enkulu. Izinto ze-Pulp zincike kakhulu ku-cellulose kusuka kuzinto ze-biomass. Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezinhle ze-biofiber zokwenza iphepha zidinga okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-cellulose kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-lignin ephansi, okungakwazi ukwandisa kuphela isivuno se-pulp, kodwa futhi kunciphise umlotha kanye nokukhishwa. Uqalo unezici zemicu emide kanye ne-aspect ratio enkulu, okwenza i-fiber interweaving izikhathi eziningi endaweni yeyunithi ngemva kokwenziwa kwe-bamboo pulp ibe yiphepha, futhi amandla ephepha abe ngcono. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kwe-pulping ye-bamboo kusondelene nokhuni, futhi kunamandla kunezinye izitshalo zotshani ezifana notshani, utshani lukakolweni, ne-bagasse.
3. I-bamboo fiber inamandla amakhulu efayibha
I-bamboo cellulose ayivuselelwa kuphela, iyawohloka, i-biocompatible, i-hydrophilic, futhi inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokumelana nokushisa, kodwa futhi inezici ezinhle zemishini. Ezinye izazi zenza ukuhlola okuqinile ezinhlotsheni ezingu-12 zemicu yoqalo futhi zathola ukuthi i-modulus yayo enwebekayo namandla aqinile ayedlula imicu yokhuni yasehlathini ekhula ngokushesha. Wang et al. kuqhathaniswe izici eziqinile zemishini yezinhlobo ezine zemicu: uqalo, i- kenaf, i-fir, ne-ramie. Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi i-tensile modulus namandla e-bamboo fiber yayiphezulu kunezinye izinto ezintathu ze-fiber.
4. Uqalo unomlotha omningi futhi ukhipha okuqukethwe
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokhuni, u-bamboo unomlotha omningi omlotha (cishe u-1.0%) kanye ne-1% ye-NAOH ekhishwe (cishe 30.0%), ezokhiqiza ukungcola okwengeziwe ngesikhathi senqubo ye-pulping, engahambisani nokukhipha kanye nokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile ku-pulp kanye imboni yamaphepha, futhi izonyusa izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali zemishini ethile.
Njengamanje, ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yephepha le-bamboo pulp ye-Yashi Paper isifinyelele izidingo ezijwayelekile ze-EU ROHS, yaphumelela i-EU AP (2002)-1, i-US FDA nezinye izivivinyo ezijwayelekile zebanga lokudla emhlabeni jikelele, yaphumelela isitifiketi sehlathi se-FSC 100%, futhi. futhi iyinkampani yokuqala eSichuan ukuthola isitifiketi sokuphepha nesinempilo saseChina; ngasikhathi sinye, yenziwe isampula njengomkhiqizo "wokugadwa kwekhwalithi efanelekile" yiNational Paper Products Inspection Center iminyaka eyishumi ilandelana, futhi iphinde yazuza izindondo njengokuthi "National Quality Stable Qualified Qualified Brand and Product" evela kukhwalithi yaseChina. Ukuvakasha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-03-2024
