●Inqubo yokwenza iphepha le-bamboo pulp
Kusukela ekuthuthukisweni okuyimpumelelo kwezimboni kanye nokusetshenziswa koqalo, izinqubo eziningi ezintsha, ubuchwepheshe kanye nemikhiqizo yoqalo lokucutshungulwa kuye kwavela ngokulandelana, okuthuthukise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-bamboo. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe baseShayina bokunyathelisa ngemishini kwephule indlela yendabuko yamanuwali futhi kuguqukela ekubeni yimodeli yokukhiqiza ethuthukile nezimboni. Izinqubo zamanje zokukhiqiza i-bamboo pulp ziwumshini, amakhemikhali kanye namakhemikhali. I-bamboo pulp yaseChina iningi lamakhemikhali, libalelwa ku-70%; i-chemical mechanical incane, ingaphansi kwama-30%; ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zemishini ukukhiqiza i-bamboo pulp kunqunyelwe esigabeni sokuhlola, futhi awukho umbiko wezimboni ezinkulu.
1.Mechanical pulping method
Indlela yokudonsa ngomshini iwukugaya uqalo lube imicu ngezindlela zemishini ngaphandle kokwengeza izinto zamakhemikhali. Inezinzuzo zokungcola okuphansi, izinga eliphezulu lokudonsa kanye nenqubo elula. Ngaphansi kwesimo sokulawula ukungcoliswa okuqinile okuqhubekayo kanye nokushoda kwezinsiza ze-wood pulp ezweni, i-mechanical bamboo pulp iye yaziswa kancane kancane ngabantu.
Nakuba i-pulping mechanical inenzuzo yezinga eliphezulu lokudonsa kanye nokungcola okuphansi, isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yokudonsa kanye ne-papermaking yezinto ze-coniferous ezifana ne-spruce. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-lignin, umlotha, kanye ne-1% ye-NAOH ekhishwe ekubunjweni kwamakhemikhali e-bamboo, ikhwalithi ye-pulp impofu futhi kunzima ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zekhwalithi zephepha lezohwebo. Ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni kuyivelakancane futhi ikakhulukazi kusesigabeni socwaningo lwesayensi nokuhlola lobuchwepheshe.
2.Chemical pulping method
Indlela ye-chemical pulping isebenzisa u-bamboo njengempahla eluhlaza futhi isebenzisa indlela ye-sulfate noma indlela ye-sulfite ukwenza i-bamboo pulp. Izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-bamboo ziyahlolwa, zigezwe, ziphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni, ziphekwe, zicutshungulwe, zihlungwe, ziwashwe ngokuphindiwe, zivaliwe, zihlonzwe umoya-mpilo, zibe mhlophe nezinye izinqubo zokwenza i-bamboo pulp. Indlela ye-chemical pulping ingavikela i-fiber futhi ithuthukise izinga lokudonsa. I-pulp etholiwe ingeyekhwalithi enhle, ihlanzekile futhi ithambile, kulula ukuyixuba, futhi ingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza iphepha lokubhala lezinga eliphezulu kanye nephepha lokuphrinta.
Ngenxa yokukhishwa kwenani elikhulu le-lignin, umlotha kanye nezindikimba ezihlukahlukene enqubweni ye-pulping ye-chemical pulping method, izinga lokudonsa kwe-bamboo pulping liphansi, ngokuvamile li-45% ~ 55%.
3.Chemical Mechanical Pulping
I-Chemical Mechanical Pulping iyindlela yokudonsa esebenzisa uqalo njengempahla eluhlaza futhi ihlanganisa izici ezithile ze-chemical pulping kanye ne-mechanical pulping. I-Chemical Mechanical Pulping ihlanganisa indlela ye-semi-chemical, indlela ye-chemical mechanical kanye nendlela yamakhemikhali ye-thermomechanical.
Ngoqalo lwe-pulping nokwenza iphepha, izinga lokudonsa kwe-chemical pulping mechanical liphezulu kunalelo lokudonsa ngamakhemikhali, okungase lifinyelele ku-72%~75%; izinga le-pulp elitholwe yi-chemical mechanical pulping liphakeme kakhulu kunelo lokudonsa ngomshini, elingahlangabezana nezidingo ezijwayelekile zokukhiqizwa kwephepha lempahla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindleko zokubuyiselwa kwe-alkali kanye nokwelashwa kwendle nakho kuphakathi kwe-chemical pulping kanye ne-mechanical pulping.
▲Ulayini Wokukhiqiza I-Bamboo Pulping
●Izisetshenziswa Zokwenza Iphepha Loqalo Pulp
Imishini yesigaba sokwenza umugqa wokukhiqiza we-bamboo pulp ngokuyisisekelo iyafana naleyo yomugqa wokukhiqiza ukhuni. Umehluko omkhulu wemishini yokwenza i-bamboo pulp papermaking usezigabeni zokulungiselela ezifana nokusika, ukuwasha nokupheka.
Ngenxa yokuthi uqalo lunesakhiwo esingenalutho, izinto zokusika zehlukile kunezokhuni. Imishini esetshenziswa kakhulu yokusika uqalo (ukuphephuka) ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa i-roller bamboo cutter, i-disc bamboo cutter kanye ne-drum chipper. Abasiki be-roller bamboo nabasiki be-disk bamboo basebenza kahle kakhulu, kodwa ikhwalithi yama-bamboo chips acutshunguliwe (isimo se-bamboo chip) alilihle njengelo labashicileli bezigubhu. Abasebenzisi bangakhetha okokusebenza okufanelekile kokusika (ukuphehla) ngokwenhloso ye-bamboo pulp kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza. Ezitshalweni ze-bamboo pulp ezincane neziphakathi (okuphumayo <100,000 t/a), izinto zokusika uqalo lwasekhaya zanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza; ezitshalweni ezinkulu ze-bamboo pulp (okukhiphayo ≥100,000 t/a), okokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe okuthuthukisiwe komhlaba wonke (ukuphehla) kungakhethwa.
Izinto zokuwasha ama-bamboo chip zisetshenziselwa ukususa ukungcola, futhi imikhiqizo eminingi enelungelo lobunikazi ibikiwe e-China. Ngokuvamile, kusetshenziswa amawasha e-vacuum pulp washers, ama-pulp washers okucindezelayo kanye namawasha we-pulp amabhande asetshenziswa. Amabhizinisi aphakathi nendawo namakhulu angasebenzisa amawasha ama-pulp amasha ane-double roller displacement noma iziwasha eziqinile zokususa amanzi.
Izinto zokupheka ze-bamboo chip zisetshenziselwa ukuthambisa i-bamboo chip nokuhlukanisa amakhemikhali. Amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi asebenzisa amabhodwe okupheka aqondile noma amashubhu avundlile abapheki abaqhubekayo. Amabhizinisi amakhulu angasebenzisa ama-cooker aqhubekayo e-Camille ngokuwashwa kokusabalalisa ukuze athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, futhi isivuno se-pulp sizokhuphuka ngokufanele, kodwa sizokwenyusa izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali zesikhathi esisodwa.
1.I-Bamboo pulp papermaking inamandla amakhulu
Ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni lwemithombo ye-bamboo yaseShayina kanye nokuhlaziywa kokufaneleka koqalo ngokwalo ekwenzeni iphepha, ukuthuthukisa ngamandla imboni ye-bamboo pulping akukwazi nje ukudambisa inkinga yezinto zokusetshenziswa zokhuni eziqinile embonini yephepha yaseChina, kodwa futhi kube yindlela ephumelelayo yokushintsha. isakhiwo sempahla eluhlaza embonini yokwenza iphepha kanye nokunciphisa ukuncika kumapulangwe avela kwamanye amazwe. Ezinye izazi ziye zahlaziya ukuthi izindleko zeyunithi ye-bamboo pulp ngeyunithi yesisindo cishe zingaphansi ngo-30% kunezophayini, ispruce, eucalyptus, njll., futhi izinga le-bamboo pulp lilingana nelokhuni.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-2.Forest-paper kuyisiqondiso esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa
Ngenxa yezinzuzo ezikhula ngokushesha nezivuselelayo ze-bamboo, ukuqinisa ukutshalwa kwamahlathi akhethekile akhula ngokushesha kanye nokusungula isisekelo sokukhiqiza i-bamboo pulp ehlanganisa ihlathi nephepha kuzoba isiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa okusimeme kwemboni ye-pulp kanye ne-papermaking yaseChina, ukunciphisa ukuthembela kumapulangwe avela kwamanye amazwe kanye ne-pulp, kanye nokuthuthukisa izimboni zikazwelonke.
3.I-Cluster bamboo pulping inamandla amakhulu okuthuthukiswa
Embonini yamanje yokucubungula uqalo, ngaphezu kwama-90% wezinto ezingavuthiwe zenziwe ngoqalo lwe-moso (Phoebe nanmu), olusetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhiqiza izinto zasendlini nezinto zokwakha. Ukwenza i-bamboo pulp papermaking nakho kusebenzisa kakhulu uqalo lwe-moso (i-Phoebe nanmu) kanye ne-cycad bamboo njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, okwenza isimo sokuncintisana sempahla eluhlaza futhi engahambisani nentuthuko esimeme yemboni. Ngokwesisekelo sezinhlobo ze-bamboo eluhlaza ezikhona, imboni yokwenza i-bamboo pulp papermaking kufanele ithuthukise ngamandla izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ze-bamboo ukuze zisetshenziswe izinto ezingavuthiwe, isebenzise ngokugcwele uqalo lwe-cycad olunentengo ephansi, udrako omkhulu bamboo, bamboo omsila we-phoenix, i-dendrocalamus latiflorus kanye enye i-clumping bamboo yokudonsa nokwenza amaphepha, futhi ithuthukise ukuncintisana kwemakethe.
▲Uqalo oluhlanganisiwe lungasetshenziswa njengento ebalulekile ye-pulp
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-04-2024
