I-Carbon Footprint iyinkomba ekala umthelela wemisebenzi yabantu endaweni ezungezile. Umqondo "we-carbon footprint" usuka "ku-ecological footprint", ikakhulukazi njengoba i-CO2 elingana (CO2eq), emele ingqikithi yokukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa ekhishwa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa komuntu.
I-Carbon footprint ukusetshenziswa kwe-Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) ukuhlola ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa ekhiqizwa ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile into yocwaningo phakathi nomjikelezo wayo wokuphila. Ento efanayo, ubunzima kanye nobubanzi be-carbon footprint accounting bukhulu kunokukhishwa kwekhabhoni, futhi imiphumela yezibalo iqukethe ulwazi mayelana nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni.
Ngokukhula kobunzima bokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke kanye nezindaba zemvelo, ukubalwa kwe-carbon footprint accounting sekubaluleke kakhulu. Angeke kuphela isisize siqonde ngokunembe kakhudlwana umthelela wemisebenzi yabantu endaweni ezungezile, kodwa futhi inikeza isisekelo sesayensi sokwenza amasu okunciphisa ukungcola kanye nokukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwekhabhoni eluhlaza nephansi.
Wonke umjikelezo wempilo yoqalo, kusukela ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni, ukuvunwa, ukucubungula nokukhiqiza, ukusetshenziswa komkhiqizo kuya ekulahlweni, kuyinqubo egcwele yomjikelezo wekhabhoni, okuhlanganisa usinki we-bamboo wehlathi le-carbon, ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo woqalo, kanye ne-carbon footprint ngemva kokulahlwa.
Lo mbiko wocwaningo uzama ukwethula ukubaluleka kokutshalwa kwehlathi loqalo lwemvelo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zokujwayela isimo sezulu ngokuhlaziywa kolwazi lwe-carbon footprint nolwazi lokulebula kwekhabhoni, kanye nokuhlelwa kocwaningo olukhona lwe-bamboo lomkhiqizo wekhabhoni.
1. I-Carbon footprint accounting
① Umqondo: Ngokwencazelo ye-United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, i-carbon footprint isho inani eliphelele le-carbon dioxide namanye amagesi abamba ukushisa akhishwa phakathi nemisebenzi yabantu noma akhishwa ngokunqwabelana kuwo wonke umjikelezo wokuphila womkhiqizo/wesevisi.
Ilebula yekhabhoni “iwukubonakaliswa” komkhiqizo we-carbon footprint “, okuyilebula yedijithali ephawula umjikelezo wokuphila ogcwele wokukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa yomkhiqizo kusukela ezintweni ezingavuthiwe kuya ekugayweni kabusha okulahlwayo, okuhlinzeka abasebenzisi ngolwazi mayelana nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni yomkhiqizo ngendlela ye- ilebula.
Ukuhlolwa komjikelezo wokuphila (LCA) kuyindlela entsha yokuhlola umthelela kwezemvelo eye yathuthukiswa emazweni aseNtshonalanga eminyakeni yamuva nje futhi isesigabeni socwaningo nentuthuko eqhubekayo. Izinga eliyisisekelo lokuhlola i-carbon footprint yomkhiqizo yindlela ye-LCA, ethathwa njengenketho engcono kakhulu yokuthuthukisa ukwethembeka kanye nokuba lula kwesibalo se-carbon footprint.
I-LCA iqala ihlonze futhi ilinganise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nezinto zokwakha, kanye nokukhishwa kwemvelo kuso sonke isigaba somjikelezo wokuphila, bese ihlola umthelela walokhu kusetshenziswa nokukhishwa endaweni ezungezile, futhi ekugcineni ihlonze futhi ihlole amathuba okunciphisa le mithelela. Izinga le-ISO 14040, elakhishwa ngo-2006, lihlukanisa “izinyathelo zokuhlola umjikelezo wempilo” zibe izigaba ezine: ukunqunywa kwenhloso nobubanzi, ukuhlaziya uhlu, ukuhlola umthelela, nokutolika.
② Amazinga nezindlela:
Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokubala i-carbon footprint njengamanje.
E-China, izindlela zokubala zingahlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezintathu ngokusekelwe kuzilungiselelo zomngcele wesistimu nezimiso zemodeli: Ukuhlolwa Komjikelezo Wokuphila Okusekelwe Enqubweni (i-PLCA), Ukuhlola Okuphumayo Kokuphuma Kokuphila Komjikelezo (I-OLCA), kanye Nokuhlola Umjikelezo Wempilo Ye-Hybrid (HLCA). Njengamanje, kukhona ukushoda kwamazinga ahlanganisiwe kazwelonke we-carbon footprint accounting e-China.
Emazweni ngamazwe, kunamazinga amathathu abalulekile emhlabeni jikelele ezingeni lomkhiqizo: “I-PAS 2050:2011 Ukucaciswa Kokuhlolwa Kokukhishwa Kwegesi Ebamba Ukushisa Phakathi Nomjikelezo Wokuphila Komkhiqizo Nesevisi” (BSI., 2011), “GHGP Protocol” (WRI, WBCSD, 2011), kanye “ISO 14067:2018 Greenhouse Gases – Product Carbon Footprint – Quantitative Requirements and Guidelines” (ISO, 2018).
Ngokombono we-lifecycle, i-PAS2050 kanye ne-ISO14067 njengamanje kungamazinga amisiwe okuhlola i-carbon footprint yomkhiqizo ngezindlela ezithile zokubala ezitholakala esidlangalaleni, zombili ezihlanganisa izindlela ezimbili zokuhlola: Ibhizinisi Kuya Ekhasimendeni (B2C) kanye Nebhizinisi Kuya Ebhizinisini (B2B).
Okuqukethwe kokuhlola kwe-B2C kufaka phakathi izinto zokusetshenziswa, ukukhiqizwa nokucutshungulwa, ukusatshalaliswa nokudayiswa, ukusetshenziswa kwabathengi, ukulahlwa kokugcina noma ukugaywa kabusha, okungukuthi, “kusuka kumbeleko kuye ethuneni”. Okuqukethwe kokuhlola kwe-B2B kufaka phakathi izinto zokusetshenziswa, ukukhiqizwa nokucutshungulwa, kanye nokuthuthwa kubathengisi abazansi nomfula, okungukuthi, “kusuka kumbeleko kuya esangweni”.
Inqubo yokuqinisekisa isitifiketi sekhabhoni yomkhiqizo we-PAS2050 iqukethe izigaba ezintathu: isigaba sokuqala, isigaba sokubala se-carbon footprint yomkhiqizo, kanye nezinyathelo ezilandelayo. Inqubo yokubala ye-ISO14067 ye-carbon footprint accounting ihlanganisa izinyathelo ezinhlanu: ukuchaza umkhiqizo oqondiwe, ukunquma umngcele wesistimu yokubala, ukucacisa umkhawulo wesikhathi sokubala, ukuhlela imithombo yokukhipha ngaphakathi komngcele wesistimu, kanye nokubala i-carbon footprint yomkhiqizo.
③ Incazelo
Ngokubala i-carbon footprint, singakwazi ukuhlonza imikhakha engcolisayo nezindawo, futhi sithathe izinyathelo ezihambisanayo zokunciphisa ukungcola. Ukubala i-carbon footprint kungasiqondisa ukuthi sakhe izindlela zokuphila ezinekhabhoni ephansi kanye namaphethini okusebenzisa.
Ukulebula kwekhabhoni kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuveza ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa endaweni yokukhiqiza noma umjikelezo wempilo wemikhiqizo, kanye newindi labatshalizimali, izikhungo ezilawula uhulumeni, kanye nomphakathi ukuze uqonde ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa kwezinkampani ezikhiqizayo. Ukulebula kwekhabhoni, njengendlela ebalulekile yokudalulwa kolwazi lwekhabhoni, kuye kwamukelwa kabanzi emazweni amaningi.
Ukulebula kwekhabhoni yomkhiqizo wezolimo wukusetshenziswa okuqondile kokulebula kwekhabhoni emikhiqizweni yezolimo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zemikhiqizo, ukwethulwa kwamalebula ekhabhoni emikhiqizweni yezolimo kuphuthuma kakhulu. Okokuqala, ezolimo ziwumthombo obalulekile wokukhipha isisi esibamba ukushisa kanye nomthombo omkhulu wesisi esingcolisa umoya esingesona isikhutha. Okwesibili, uma kuqhathaniswa nomkhakha wezimboni, ukudalulwa kolwazi lokulebula kwekhabhoni ohlelweni lokukhiqiza ezolimo akukakaqedi, okuvimbela ukunotha kwezimo zezicelo. Okwesithathu, abathengi bakuthola kunzima ukuthola ulwazi olusebenzayo ku-carbon footprint yemikhiqizo ekugcineni kwabathengi. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, uchungechunge lwezifundo luveze ukuthi amaqembu athile abathengi azimisele ukukhokhela imikhiqizo enekhabhoni ephansi, futhi ukulebula kwekhabhoni kunganxephezela ngokunembile ulwazi olulinganayo phakathi kwabakhiqizi nabathengi, okusiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemakethe.
2. Uchungechunge lwezimboni ze-bamboo
① Isimo esiyisisekelo sochungechunge lwemboni yoqalo
Uchungechunge lwemboni yokucubungula uqalo eChina luhlukaniswe lwaba phezulu, omaphakathi nomfula. I-Upstream yizinto ezingavuthiwe nezikhishiwe zezingxenye ezihlukahlukene zoqalo, okuhlanganisa amaqabunga e-bamboo, izimbali zoqalo, amahlumela e-bamboo, imicu yoqalo, njalonjalo. I-midstream ihlanganisa izinkulungwane zezinhlobonhlobo emikhakheni eminingi njengezinto zokwakha zoqalo, imikhiqizo ye-bamboo, amahlumela e-bamboo nokudla, ukwenza i-bamboo pulp papermaking, njll; Ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo ye-bamboo ephansi kufaka phakathi ukwenza iphepha, ukwenza ifenisha, izinto zokwelapha, nokuvakasha kwamasiko e-bamboo, phakathi kokunye.
Izinsiza ze-bamboo ziyisisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yoqalo. Ngokusetshenziswa kwazo, uqalo lungahlukaniswa lube uqalo oluba ugodo, uqalo lokwenziwa amahlumela oqalo, uqalo lokwenziwa ugwalo, noqalo lokuhlobisa ingadi. Kusukela emvelweni wezinsiza zehlathi loqalo, ingxenye yehlathi le-bamboo lingama-36%, lilandelwa amahlumela e-bamboo nehlathi le-bamboo elisetshenziswa kabili, ihlathi lenhlalakahle yomphakathi le-bamboo, kanye nehlathi le-pulp bamboo, elibalelwa ku-24%, 19%, kanye 14% ngokulandelana. Amahlumela oqalo kanye nehlathi le-bamboo elihle linezilinganiso ezincane uma kuqhathaniswa. I-China inezinsiza eziningi zoqalo, ezinezinhlobo ezingama-837 kanye nomkhiqizo wonyaka wamathani ayizigidi eziyi-150 oqalo.
I-bamboo iyinhlobo ye-bamboo ebaluleke kakhulu ehlukile eShayina. Njengamanje, i-bamboo iwumkhiqizo oyinhloko wokucubungula impahla yobunjiniyela be-bamboo, imakethe entsha ye-bamboo shoot, kanye nemikhiqizo yokucubungula ihlumela le-bamboo e-China. Ngokuzayo, i-bamboo isazoba insika yokutshalwa kwezinsiza ze-bamboo e-China. Njengamanje, izinhlobo eziyishumi zokhiye wokucubungula nokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yoqalo eShayina zifaka amabhodi oqalo okwenziwa, i-bamboo flooring, amahlumela e-bamboo, i-bamboo pulp nokwenziwa kwephepha, imikhiqizo ye-bamboo fiber, ifenisha yoqalo, imikhiqizo yansuku zonke ye-bamboo nemisebenzi yezandla, amalahle e-bamboo kanye noviniga we-bamboo. , izinto ezikhishwe ngoqalo neziphuzo, imikhiqizo yezomnotho ngaphansi kwamahlathi e-bamboo, kanye nokuvakasha kwe-bamboo nokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Phakathi kwazo, amabhodi okwenziwa ngoqalo nezinto zobunjiniyela ziyizinsika zemboni yoqalo lwaseChina.
Ungalithuthukisa kanjani iketango lemboni ye-bamboo ngaphansi kwenhloso ye-carbon dual
Umgomo "we-carbon dual" usho ukuthi i-China ilwela ukuzuza isiqongo se-carbon ngaphambi kuka-2030 kanye nokungathathi hlangothi kwe-carbon ngaphambi kuka-2060. Njengamanje, i-China ikhulise izidingo zayo zokukhishwa kwekhabhoni ezimbonini eziningi futhi yahlola ngenkuthalo izimboni eziluhlaza, ezinekhabhoni ephansi, nezisebenza kahle kwezomnotho. Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zayo zemvelo, imboni ye-bamboo nayo idinga ukuhlola amandla ayo njenge-carbon sink futhi ingene emakethe yokuhweba ngekhabhoni.
(1) Ihlathi le-bamboo linohlu olubanzi lwezinsiza zokucwilisa ikhabhoni:
Ngokusho kwedatha yamanje e-China, indawo yamahlathi e-bamboo iye yanda kakhulu eminyakeni engu-50 edlule. Ukusuka kumahektha ayizigidi ezingu-2.4539 ngeminyaka yawo-1950 nawo-1960 kuya kumahektha ayizigidi ezingu-4.8426 ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21 (ngaphandle kwedatha evela e-Taiwan), ukukhula konyaka ngonyaka ngama-97.34%. Futhi ingxenye yamahlathi e-bamboo endaweni yehlathi kazwelonke inyuke isuka ku-2.87% yaya ku-2.96%. Izinsiza zehlathi loqalo seziphenduke ingxenye ebalulekile yemithombo yamahlathi aseShayina. Ngokusho kwe-6th National Forest Resource Inventory, phakathi kwamahektha ayizigidi ezingu-4.8426 zamahlathi e-bamboo e-China, kukhona amahektha ayizigidi ezingu-3.372 oqalo, anezitshalo ezicishe zibe yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-7.5, ezibalelwa cishe ku-70% wendawo yamahlathi e-bamboo yezwe.
(2) Izinzuzo zezinto eziphilayo zehlathi loqalo:
① Uqalo unomjikelezo omfushane wokukhula, ukukhula okuqinile kokuqhuma, futhi unezici zokukhula okuvuselelekayo kanye nokuvuna kwaminyaka yonke. Inenani eliphezulu lokuyisebenzisa futhi ayinazo izinkinga njengokuguguleka kwenhlabathi ngemva kokugawulwa kwemithi ngokuphelele kanye nokuwohloka kwenhlabathi ngemva kokutshala ngokuqhubekayo. Inamandla amakhulu okudliwa kwekhabhoni. Idatha ibonisa ukuthi okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni egxilile yaminyaka yonke ongqimbeni lwesihlahla sehlathi loqalo kungu-5.097t/hm2 (ngaphandle kokukhiqizwa kukadoti konyaka), okuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-1.46 kunefir yaseShayina ekhula ngokushesha.
② Amahlathi oqalo anezimo zokukhula ezilula uma kuqhathaniswa, amaphethini okukhula ahlukahlukene, ukusatshalaliswa okuyizicucu, nokuhlukahluka kwendawo okuqhubekayo. Banendawo enkulu yokusatshalaliswa kwezindawo kanye nohlu olubanzi, olusatshalaliswa kakhulu ezifundazweni nasemadolobheni angu-17, agxile eFujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, naseZhejiang. Angakwazi ukuhambisana nentuthuko esheshayo nenkulu ezifundeni ezihlukene, enze amaphethini ekhabhoni e-spatiotemporal ayinkimbinkimbi futhi avale kanye namanethiwekhi ashukumisayo womthombo wekhabhoni.
(3) Izimo zokuhweba ngokuthathwa kwekhabhoni yehlathi loqalo sezivuthiwe:
① Imboni yokugaywa kabusha koqalo isiphelele
Imboni yoqalo idlulela ezimbonini zamabanga aphansi, eziphakeme, nezemfundo ephakeme, nenani eliphumayo likhuphuka lisuka kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-82 ngo-2010 laya kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-415.3 ngo-2022, ngesilinganiso sokukhula konyaka esingaphezu kuka-30%. Kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2035, inani lomkhiqizo wemboni ye-bamboo lidlule i-1 trillion yuan. Njengamanje, uqalo olusha lwemodeli yochungechunge lwemboni lwenziwe eSifundazweni sase-Anji, eSifundazweni saseZhejiang, eChina, lugxile endleleni ebanzi yokuhlanganiswa kwe-carbon sink yezolimo okubili kusukela emvelweni nasemnothweni kuya ekuhlanganisweni okuhlangene.
② Ukusekelwa kwenqubomgomo okuhlobene
Ngemva kokuphakamisa i-carbon target ekabili, i-China ikhiphe izinqubomgomo nemibono eminingi ukuze iqondise yonke imboni ekulawuleni ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni. Ngomhla ziyi-11 kuNovemba 2021, iminyango eyishumi ehlanganisa i-State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ikhomishini Kazwelonke Yokuthuthukiswa Nezinguquko, kanye Nomnyango Wesayensi Nobuchwepheshe bakhiphe “Imibono Yeminyango Eyishumi Ngokusheshisa Ukuthuthukiswa Okusha Kwemboni Yoqalo”. Ngomhla zi-2 kuLwezi, 2023, Ikhomishana Kazwelonke Yokuthuthukiswa Nezinguquko kanye neminye iminyango ngokuhlanganyela yakhipha “Uhlelo LwemiSebenzi Lweminyaka Emithathu Ukuze Kusheshiswe Ukuthuthukiswa 'Kokususwa Kwepulasitiki Ngoqalo'”. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imibono yokugqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yoqalo iye yabekwa kwezinye izifundazwe ezifana neFujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, njll. Ngaphansi kokuhlanganiswa nokubambisana kwamabhande ezimboni ahlukahlukene, kwethulwe izinhlobo ezintsha zokuhweba zamalebula ekhabhoni kanye nezinyathelo zekhabhoni. .
3. Ungabala kanjani i-carbon footprint ye-bamboo industry chain?
① Inqubekelaphambili yocwaningo ku-carbon footprint yemikhiqizo yoqalo
Njengamanje, kunocwaningo oluncane uma kuqhathaniswa ne-carbon footprint yemikhiqizo ye-bamboo ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ngokocwaningo olukhona, umthamo wokugcina wokudluliswa kwekhabhoni kanye nomthamo wokugcina woqalo uyahlukahluka ngaphansi kwezindlela ezihlukene zokusebenzisa ezifana nokuvezwa, ukuhlanganisa, nokuhlanganisa kabusha, okuholela emithelela ehlukene endaweni yokugcina yekhabhoni yemikhiqizo yoqalo.
② Inqubo yomjikelezo wekhabhoni yemikhiqizo yoqalo kuwo wonke umjikelezo wayo wokuphila
Umjikelezo wokuphila wonke wemikhiqizo yoqalo, kusukela ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni koqalo (i-photosynthesis), ukutshalwa nokuphathwa, ukuvuna, ukugcinwa kwempahla eluhlaza, ukucutshungulwa komkhiqizo nokusetshenziswa, ukumosha ukubola (ukubola), kuqediwe. Umjikelezo wekhabhoni wemikhiqizo yoqalo kuwo wonke umjikelezo wabo wokuphila uhlanganisa izigaba ezinhlanu ezibalulekile: ukutshalwa koqalo (ukutshala, ukuphatha, nokusebenza), ukukhiqizwa kwempahla eluhlaza (ukuqoqwa, ukuthuthwa, nokugcinwa koqalo noma amahlumela oqalo), ukucubungula kanye nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo (izinqubo ezahlukahlukene ngesikhathi ukucubungula), ukuthengisa, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nokulahlwa (ukubola), okubandakanya ukulungiswa kwekhabhoni, ukunqwabelana, ukugcinwa, ukudliwa, kanye nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuqondile noma okungaqondile esigabeni ngasinye (bheka uMdwebo 3).
Inqubo yokutshala amahlathi e-bamboo ingathathwa njengesixhumanisi "sokuqoqwa kwekhabhoni nokugcinwa", okubandakanya ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuqondile noma okungaqondile okuvela ekutshaleni, ekuphatheni nasekusebenzeni.
Ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe isixhumanisi sokudlulisa ikhabhoni esixhuma amabhizinisi amahlathi kanye namabhizinisi okucubungula umkhiqizo we-bamboo, futhi kuhilela ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuqondile noma okungaqondile ngesikhathi sokuvuna, ukucubungula kokuqala, ukuthuthwa, kanye nokugcinwa koqalo noma amahlumela oqalo.
Ukucutshungulwa kanye nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo kuyinqubo yokuthathwa kwekhabhoni, ebandakanya ukulungiswa kwesikhathi eside kwekhabhoni emikhiqizweni, kanye nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuqondile noma okungaqondile okuvela ezinqubweni ezehlukene ezinjengokucubungula iyunithi, ukucutshungulwa komkhiqizo, kanye nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo.
Ngemuva kokuthi umkhiqizo usungene esigabeni sokusetshenziswa kwabathengi, ikhabhoni igxilile ngokuphelele emikhiqizweni ye-bamboo efana nefenisha, izakhiwo, izidingo zansuku zonke, imikhiqizo yephepha, njll. Njengoba impilo yesevisi ikhula, umkhuba wokuthatha i-carbon uzonwetshwa kuze kube yilapho ilahlwa, ukubola nokukhulula i-CO2, nokubuyela emkhathini.
Ngokusho kocwaningo lukaZhou Pengfei et al. (2014), amabhodi okusika uqalo ngaphansi kwemodi embulekayo yoqalo athathwa njengento yocwaningo, futhi “Isicaciso Sokuhlola Sokukhishwa Kwegesi Ebamba Ukushisa Kwempahla Nezinkonzo Emjikelezweni Wokuphila” (PAS 2050:2008) samukelwa njengezinga lokuhlola. . Khetha indlela yokuhlola ye-B2B ukuze uhlole ngokugcwele ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni dioxide nokugcinwa kwekhabhoni yazo zonke izinqubo zokukhiqiza, okuhlanganisa ukuthuthwa kwempahla eluhlaza, ukucutshungulwa komkhiqizo, ukupakishwa, kanye nokugcinwa kwempahla (bona Umfanekiso 4). I-PAS2050 ibeka ukuthi ukulinganisa kwe-carbon footprint kufanele kuqale ekuthuthweni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, futhi idatha yezinga lokuqala lokukhishwa kwekhabhoni nokudluliswa kwekhabhoni isuka ezintweni ezingavuthiwe, ukukhiqizwa kuya ekusatshalalisweni (B2B) kwamabhodi okusika uqalo oluhambahambayo kufanele kulinganiswe ngokunembile ukuze kunqunywe usayizi we i-carbon footprint.
Uhlaka lokulinganisa i-carbon footprint yemikhiqizo ye-bamboo kuwo wonke umjikelezo wabo wokuphila
Ukuqoqwa nokukalwa kwedatha eyisisekelo yesigaba ngasinye somjikelezo wempilo womkhiqizo we-bamboo kuyisisekelo sokuhlaziya umjikelezo wempilo. Idatha eyisisekelo ifaka phakathi ukusebenza komhlaba, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ahlukahlukene (amalahle, uphethiloli, ugesi, njll.), ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene, kanye nedatha ewumphumela yempahla neyokugeleza kwamandla. Yenza isilinganiso se-carbon footprint yemikhiqizo ye-bamboo kuwo wonke umjikelezo wabo wempilo ngokuqoqwa kwedatha nokukalwa.
(1) Isiteji sokutshalwa kwehlathi lomqalo
Ukumuncwa kanye nokunqwabelana kwekhabhoni: ukuhluma, ukukhula nokuthuthuka, inani lamahlumela amasha oqalo;
Isitoreji sekhabhoni: isakhiwo sehlathi le-bamboo, idigri yokuma ye-bamboo, isakhiwo seminyaka, i-biomass yezitho ezihlukahlukene; I-biomass ye-litter layer; Inhlabathi yokugcina i-carbon organic;
Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni: ukugcinwa kwekhabhoni, isikhathi sokubola, nokukhishwa kukadoti; Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni yokuphefumula komhlaba; Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okudalwa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngaphandle kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo njengokusebenza, amandla, amanzi nomanyolo wokutshala, ukuphatha kanye nemisebenzi yebhizinisi.
(2) Isiteji sokukhiqiza impahla eluhlaza
Ukudluliswa kwekhabhoni: ivolumu yokuvuna noma ivolumu ye-bamboo shoot kanye ne-biomass yabo;
Ukubuya kwekhabhoni: izinsalela ezivela ekugawulweni kwemithi noma amahlumela e-bamboo, izinsalela zokucubungula eziyinhloko, kanye ne-biomass yazo;
Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni: Inani lokukhishwa kwekhabhoni elikhiqizwa amandla angaphandle kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, njengokusebenza namandla, ngesikhathi sokuqoqwa, ukucutshungulwa kokuqala, ukuthuthwa, ukugcinwa, kanye nokusetshenziswa koqalo noma amahlumela oqalo.
(3) Isigaba sokucubungula nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo
I-Carbon sequestration: i-biomass yemikhiqizo yoqalo kanye nemikhiqizo;
Ukubuyiswa kwekhabhoni noma ukugcinwa: ukucubungula izinsalela kanye ne-biomass yazo;
Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni: Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okukhiqizwe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngaphandle njengabasebenzi, amandla, izinto ezisebenzisekayo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa kweyunithi, ukucutshungulwa komkhiqizo, kanye nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo.
(4) Isiteji sokuthengisa nokusetshenziswa
I-Carbon sequestration: i-biomass yemikhiqizo yoqalo kanye nemikhiqizo;
Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni: Inani lokukhishwa kwekhabhoni elikhiqizwe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngaphandle njengokuhamba nomsebenzi osuka emabhizinisini ukuya emakethe yokuthengisa.
(5) Isiteji sokulahla
Ukukhishwa Kwekhabhoni: I-Carbon Storage Yemikhiqizo Engcolile; Isikhathi sokubola kanye nenani lokukhishwa.
Ngokungafani nezinye izimboni zamahlathi, amahlathi e-bamboo azuza ukuzivuselela ngemva kokugawulwa kwesayensi nokusetshenziswa, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi. Ukukhula kwehlathi loqalo kusesilinganisweni esiguqukayo sokukhula futhi kungaqhubeka nokumunca ikhabhoni engaguquki, iqongelele futhi igcine ikhabhoni, futhi ithuthukise ngokuqhubekayo ukuthathwa kwekhabhoni. Ingxenye yezinto ezisetshenziswa ngoqalo ezisetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yoqalo ayinkulu, futhi ukuhlukaniswa kwekhabhoni yesikhathi eside kungazuzwa ngokusebenzisa imikhiqizo yoqalo.
Njengamanje, alukho ucwaningo mayelana nesilinganiso somjikelezo wekhabhoni wemikhiqizo yoqalo kuwo wonke umjikelezo wabo wokuphila. Ngenxa yesikhathi eside sokukhishwa kwekhabhoni ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nezigaba zokulahlwa kwemikhiqizo yoqalo, ukuqina kwayo kwekhabhoni kunzima ukukukala. Empeleni, ukuhlolwa kwe-carbon footprint kuvame ukugxila emazingeni amabili: elilodwa ukulinganisa ukugcinwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni enqubweni yokukhiqiza kusuka ezintweni ezingavuthiwe kuya emikhiqizweni; Okwesibili ukuhlola imikhiqizo yoqalo kusukela ekutshalweni kuya ekukhiqizeni
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-17-2024
