I-Carbon Footprint iyinkomba elinganisa umthelela wemisebenzi yabantu emvelweni. Umqondo we-“carbon footprint” uvela “ku-ecological footprint”, ovezwa kakhulu njenge-CO2 equivalent (CO2eq), emele ukukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa angaphezulu akhishwa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa kwabantu.
I-Carbon footprint ukusetshenziswa kwe-Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) ukuhlola ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa okukhiqizwa ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile yinto yocwaningo ngesikhathi somjikelezo wayo wokuphila. Ngento efanayo, ubunzima kanye nobubanzi bokubalwa kwe-carbon footprint kukhulu kunokukhishwa kwe-carbon, futhi imiphumela yokubalwa kwezimali iqukethe ulwazi mayelana nokukhishwa kwe-carbon.
Njengoba ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke kanye nezinkinga zemvelo zikhula, ukubalwa kwemiphumela ye-carbon kuye kwaba okubaluleke kakhulu. Akugcini nje ngokusisiza siqonde ngokunembile umthelela wemisebenzi yabantu emvelweni, kodwa futhi kusinikeza isisekelo sesayensi sokwakha amasu okunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi kanye nokukhuthaza ukuguqulwa okuluhlaza kanye nokwehliswa kwe-carbon.
Umjikelezo wokuphila we-bamboo, kusukela ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni, ekuvuneni, ekucutshungulweni nasekukhiqizweni, ekusetshenzisweni komkhiqizo kuya ekulahleni, inqubo ephelele yomjikelezo we-carbon, okuhlanganisa isinki se-carbon sehlathi le-bamboo, ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo we-bamboo, kanye nokunyakaza kwe-carbon ngemva kokulahlwa.
Lo mbiko wocwaningo uzama ukwethula ukubaluleka kokutshalwa kwamahlathi e-bamboo emvelweni kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ukuze kulungiswe isimo sezulu ngokuhlaziya ulwazi lwe-carbon footprint kanye nokulebula i-carbon, kanye nokuhlela ucwaningo lwe-carbon footprint olukhona mayelana nomkhiqizo we-bamboo.
1. Ukubalwa kwe-carbon footprint
① Umqondo: Ngokusho kwencazelo ye-United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, i-carbon footprint ibhekisela enanini eliphelele le-carbon dioxide kanye namanye amagesi okushisa akhishwa ngesikhathi semisebenzi yabantu noma akhishwa ngokuqongelela kuyo yonke impilo yomkhiqizo/insizakalo.
Ilebula lekhabhoni “liwukubonakaliswa” kwe-carbon footprint yomkhiqizo “, okuyilebula ledijithali eliphawula umjikelezo ogcwele wokukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa yomkhiqizo kusukela ezintweni zokusetshenziswa kuya ekusetshenzisweni kabusha kwemfucuza, okunikeza abasebenzisi ulwazi mayelana nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni komkhiqizo ngesimo selebula.
Ukuhlolwa komjikelezo wokuphila (i-LCA) kuyindlela entsha yokuhlola umthelela wemvelo eye yathuthukiswa emazweni aseNtshonalanga eminyakeni yamuva futhi isesesigabeni socwaningo oluqhubekayo nentuthuko. Indinganiso eyisisekelo yokuhlola umthelela wekhabhoni yomkhiqizo yindlela ye-LCA, ebhekwa njengesinqumo esingcono kakhulu sokuthuthukisa ukwethembeka kanye nokulula kokubalwa komthelela wekhabhoni.
I-LCA iqala ngokubona nokulinganisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nezinto zokwakha, kanye nokukhishwa kwemvelo kuyo yonke isigaba somjikelezo wokuphila, bese ihlola umthelela walokhu kusetshenziswa nokukhishwa emvelweni, bese ekugcineni ibona futhi ihlole amathuba okunciphisa le miphumela. Indinganiso ye-ISO 14040, eyakhishwa ngo-2006, ihlukanisa "izinyathelo zokuhlola umjikelezo wokuphila" zibe izigaba ezine: ukunqunywa kwenhloso nobubanzi, ukuhlaziywa kwempahla, ukuhlolwa komthelela, kanye nokuchazwa.
② Izindinganiso Nezindlela:
Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokubala umthelela wekhabhoni njengamanje.
E-China, izindlela zokubala zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu ngokusekelwe kuzilungiselelo zemingcele yesistimu kanye nezimiso zamamodeli: Ukuhlolwa Komjikelezo Wokuphila Okusekelwe Enqubweni (PLCA), Ukuhlolwa Komjikelezo Wokuphila Okufakwayo (I-OLCA), kanye Nokuhlolwa Komjikelezo Wokuphila Okuhlanganisiwe (HLCA). Njengamanje, kunokuntuleka kwezindinganiso zikazwelonke ezihlanganisiwe zokubalwa kwe-carbon footprint e-China.
Emhlabeni jikelele, kunezindinganiso ezintathu eziyinhloko zomhlaba wonke ezingeni lomkhiqizo: “I-PAS 2050:2011 Imininingwane Yokuhlolwa Kokukhishwa Kwegesi Evikela Ukushisa Ngesikhathi Somjikelezo Wokuphila Komkhiqizo Nesevisi” (BSI., 2011), “Iphrothokholi ye-GHGP” (WRI, WBCSD, 2011), kanye “ne-ISO 14067:2018 Amagesi Evikela Ukushisa – I-Carbon Footprint Yomkhiqizo – Izidingo Neziqondiso Zobuningi” (ISO, 2018).
Ngokusho kwethiyori yomjikelezo wokuphila, i-PAS2050 kanye ne-ISO14067 njengamanje ziyizindinganiso ezimisiwe zokuhlola umkhondo wekhabhoni yomkhiqizo ngezindlela zokubala ezithile ezitholakala emphakathini, zombili ezihlanganisa izindlela ezimbili zokuhlola: Ibhizinisi kuya kumakhasimende (B2C) kanye neBhizinisi kuya kumabhizinisi (B2B).
Okuqukethwe kokuhlolwa kwe-B2C kufaka phakathi izinto zokusetshenziswa, ukukhiqizwa nokucubungula, ukusatshalaliswa nokuthengisa, ukusetshenziswa kwabathengi, ukulahla kokugcina noma ukuphinda kusetshenziswe kabusha, okungukuthi, "kusukela ekuzalweni kuya ekufeni". Okuqukethwe kokuhlolwa kwe-B2B kufaka phakathi izinto zokusetshenziswa, ukukhiqizwa nokucubungula, kanye nokuthuthwa kuya kubathengisi abasezansi komfula, okungukuthi, "kusukela ekuzalweni kuya esangweni".
Inqubo yokuqinisekiswa kwe-PAS2050 product carbon footprint inezigaba ezintathu: isigaba sokuqala, isigaba sokubalwa kwe-carbon footprint yomkhiqizo, kanye nezinyathelo ezilandelayo. Inqubo yokubalwa kwe-ISO14067 product carbon footprint ihlanganisa izinyathelo ezinhlanu: ukuchaza umkhiqizo oqondiwe, ukunquma umngcele wesistimu yokubala, ukuchaza umngcele wesikhathi sokubala, ukuhlunga imithombo yokukhishwa ngaphakathi komngcele wesistimu, kanye nokubala umkhawulo we-carbon footprint yomkhiqizo.
③ Incazelo
Ngokubheka umthelela wekhabhoni, singakwazi ukubona imikhakha nezindawo ezikhipha ukungcola okuningi, futhi sithathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni. Ukubala umthelela wekhabhoni kungasiqondisa futhi ekwakheni izindlela zokuphila ezisebenzisa ikhabhoni encane kanye namaphethini okusetshenziswa kwayo.
Ukufakwa kwelebula lekhabhoni kuyindlela ebalulekile yokwembula ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa endaweni yokukhiqiza noma umjikelezo wokuphila kwemikhiqizo, kanye nefasitela kubatshalizimali, izinhlangano ezilawulayo zikahulumeni, kanye nomphakathi ukuqonda ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa kwezinhlangano zokukhiqiza. Ukufakwa kwelebula lekhabhoni, njengendlela ebalulekile yokwembula ulwazi lwekhabhoni, kuye kwamukelwa kabanzi amazwe amaningi.
Ukulebula ikhabhoni yomkhiqizo wezolimo ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kokulebula ikhabhoni emikhiqizweni yezolimo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zemikhiqizo, ukwethulwa kwamalebula khabhoni emikhiqizweni yezolimo kuphuthuma kakhulu. Okokuqala, ezolimo ziwumthombo obalulekile wokukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa kanye nomthombo omkhulu wokukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa okungeyona ikhabhoni. Okwesibili, uma kuqhathaniswa nomkhakha wezimboni, ukudalulwa kolwazi lokulebula ikhabhoni enqubweni yokukhiqiza kwezolimo akukapheli, okuvimbela ukuceba kwezimo zokusetshenziswa. Okwesithathu, abathengi bakuthola kunzima ukuthola ulwazi olusebenzayo mayelana nomkhawulo wekhabhoni wemikhiqizo kumthengi. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, uchungechunge lwezifundo luye lwembula ukuthi amaqembu athile abathengi azimisele ukukhokhela imikhiqizo enekhabhoni ephansi, futhi ukulebula ikhabhoni kungabuyisela ngokunembile ukungalingani kolwazi phakathi kwabakhiqizi nabathengi, kusize ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kwemakethe.
2, uchungechunge lwemboni ye-bamboo
① Isimo esiyisisekelo sochungechunge lwemboni yoqalo
Uchungechunge lwemboni yokucubungula uqalo eShayina luhlukaniswe phakathi phezulu, phakathi, kanye naphansi. Phezulu kukhona izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nezicucu zezingxenye ezahlukene zeqalo, okuhlanganisa amaqabunga eqalo, izimbali zeqalo, amahlumela eqalo, imicu yeqalo, njalo njalo. Uhlangothi oluphakathi luhilela izinkulungwane zezinhlobo emikhakheni eminingi njengezinto zokwakha zeqalo, imikhiqizo yeqalo, amahlumela eqalo kanye nokudla, ukwenza iphepha leqalo leqalo, njll. Ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yeqalo kuhlanganisa ukwenza iphepha, ukwenza ifenisha, izinto zokwelapha, kanye nokuvakasha kwamasiko eqalo, phakathi kokunye.
Izinsiza ze-bamboo ziyisisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-bamboo. Ngokusho kokusetshenziswa kwazo, i-bamboo ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-bamboo yezingodo, i-bamboo yezihlumela ze-bamboo, i-bamboo ye-pulp, kanye ne-bamboo yokuhlobisa ingadi. Ngokwemvelo yezinsiza zehlathi le-bamboo, ingxenye yehlathi le-bamboo lezingodo ingu-36%, kulandelwe amahlumela e-bamboo kanye nehlathi le-bamboo elisetshenziswa kabili, ihlathi le-bamboo lenhlalakahle yomphakathi, kanye nehlathi le-bamboo le-pulp, elibalelwa ku-24%, 19%, kanye no-14% ngokulandelana. Amahlumela e-bamboo kanye nehlathi le-bamboo elihle kakhulu anezilinganiso ezincane kakhulu. I-China inezinsiza ze-bamboo eziningi, ezinezinhlobo ezingu-837 kanye nomkhiqizo waminyaka yonke wamathani ayizigidi ezingu-150 e-bamboo.
I-bamboo uhlobo olubaluleke kakhulu lwe-bamboo oluyingqayizivele eShayina. Njengamanje, i-bamboo iyinto eluhlaza eyinhloko yokucubungula izinto zobunjiniyela be-bamboo, imakethe ye-bamboo shoot entsha, kanye nemikhiqizo yokucubungula i-bamboo shoot eShayina. Esikhathini esizayo, i-bamboo isazoba yinto eyinhloko yokutshalwa kwemithombo ye-bamboo eShayina. Njengamanje, izinhlobo eziyishumi zemikhiqizo ebalulekile yokucubungula nokusebenzisa i-bamboo eShayina zifaka amabhodi okwenziwa e-bamboo, phansi kwe-bamboo, amahlumela e-bamboo, ukwenziwa kwe-bamboo pulp kanye nephepha, imikhiqizo ye-bamboo fiber, ifenisha ye-bamboo, imikhiqizo yansuku zonke ye-bamboo kanye nemisebenzi yezandla, i-bamboo charcoal kanye ne-bamboo vinegar, izithasiselo ze-bamboo kanye neziphuzo, imikhiqizo yezomnotho ngaphansi kwamahlathi e-bamboo, kanye nezokuvakasha kanye nokunakekelwa kwezempilo kwe-bamboo. Phakathi kwazo, amabhodi okwenziwa e-bamboo nezinto zobunjiniyela ziyizinsika zemboni ye-bamboo yaseShayina.
Indlela yokuthuthukisa uchungechunge lwemboni yoqalo ngaphansi komgomo wekhabhoni ekabili
Umgomo "wekhabhoni ephindwe kabili" usho ukuthi iShayina ilwela ukufeza iqophelo lekhabhoni ngaphambi kuka-2030 kanye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni ngaphambi kuka-2060. Njengamanje, iShayina ikhulise izidingo zayo zokukhishwa kwekhabhoni ezimbonini eziningi futhi ihlole ngenkuthalo izimboni eziluhlaza, ezinekhabhoni ephansi, kanye nezimboni ezisebenza kahle ngokwezomnotho. Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zayo zemvelo, imboni ye-bamboo idinga futhi ukuhlola amandla ayo njengesinki sekhabhoni futhi ingene emakethe yokuhweba ngekhabhoni.
(1) Ihlathi le-bamboo linezinhlobonhlobo zezinsizakusebenza zokucwilisa ikhabhoni:
Ngokusho kwedatha yamanje eShayina, indawo yamahlathi e-bamboo ikhule kakhulu eminyakeni engama-50 edlule. Kusukela kumahektha ayizigidi ezingu-2.4539 ngawo-1950 nawo-1960 kuya kumahektha ayizigidi ezingu-4.8426 ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21 (ngaphandle kwedatha evela eTaiwan), ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-97.34%. Futhi isilinganiso samahlathi e-bamboo endaweni yehlathi kazwelonke sikhuphuke kusuka ku-2.87% kuya ku-2.96%. Imithombo yamahlathi e-bamboo isibe yingxenye ebalulekile yemithombo yamahlathi aseShayina. Ngokusho kwe-6th National Forest Resource Inventory, phakathi kwamahektha ayizigidi ezingu-4.8426 amahlathi e-bamboo eShayina, kukhona amahektha ayizigidi ezingu-3.372 e-bamboo, nezitshalo ezicishe zibe yizigidigidi ezingu-7.5, ezibalelwa cishe ku-70% wendawo yehlathi le-bamboo ezweni.
(2) Izinzuzo zezinto eziphilayo zasehlathini ze-bamboo:
① I-bamboo inomjikelezo omfushane wokukhula, ukukhula okunamandla okuqhumayo, futhi inezici zokukhula okuvuselelwayo kanye nokuvunwa kwaminyaka yonke. Inenani eliphezulu lokusetshenziswa futhi ayinazo izinkinga ezifana nokuguguleka kwenhlabathi ngemva kokugawulwa kwezihlahla okuphelele kanye nokuwohloka kwenhlabathi ngemva kokutshala okuqhubekayo. Inamandla amakhulu okususwa kwekhabhoni. Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okungaguquki kwaminyaka yonke ongqimbeni lwesihlahla sehlathi le-bamboo kungu-5.097t/hm2 (ngaphandle kokukhiqizwa kwemfucuza yaminyaka yonke), okuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-1.46 kunokwe-fir yaseShayina ekhula ngokushesha.
② Amahlathi e-bamboo anezimo zokukhula ezilula, amaphethini okukhula ahlukahlukene, ukusatshalaliswa okuhlukene, kanye nokuguquguquka kwendawo okuqhubekayo. Anendawo enkulu yokusatshalaliswa kwezindawo kanye nobubanzi obubanzi, asakazeke kakhulu ezifundazweni nasemadolobheni angu-17, agxile eFujian, eJiangxi, eHunan, naseZhejiang. Angahambisana nentuthuko esheshayo nenkulu ezifundeni ezahlukene, akha amaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi futhi avale isikhala sekhabhoni kanye namanethiwekhi ashukumisayo omthombo wekhabhoni.
(3) Izimo zokuhweba ngokuthuthwa kwekhabhoni ehlathini le-bamboo sezivuthiwe:
① Imboni yokuvuselela uqalo isiphelele.
Imboni ye-bamboo ihlanganisa izimboni eziyinhloko, zesibili, kanye nezesithathu, kanti inani layo lokukhiqiza likhuphuka lisuka kuma-yuan ayizigidigidi ezingama-82 ngo-2010 laya kuma-yuan ayizigidigidi ezingama-415.3 ngo-2022, ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esimaphakathi esingaphezu kwama-30%. Kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2035, inani lokukhiqiza lemboni ye-bamboo lizodlula ama-yuan ayizigidigidi eziyi-1. Njengamanje, kuye kwenziwa umklamo omusha wemodeli yeketanga lemboni ye-bamboo e-Anji County, eSifundazweni saseZhejiang, eShayina, kugxilwe endleleni ephelele yokuhlanganiswa kwe-carbon dink yezolimo ezimbili kusukela emvelweni nasemnothweni kuya ekuhlanganisweni okuhlangene.
② Ukusekelwa kwenqubomgomo okuhlobene
Ngemva kokuphakamisa umgomo wekhabhoni ephindwe kabili, iShayina ikhiphe izinqubomgomo nemibono eminingi ukuqondisa yonke imboni ekuphathweni kokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni. Ngomhlaka-11 Novemba 2021, iminyango eyishumi okubalwa kuyo i-State Forestry and Grassland Administration, i-National Development and Reform Commission, kanye noMnyango Wezesayensi Nobuchwepheshe bakhiphe "Imibono Yeminyango Eyishumi Ngokusheshisa Intuthuko Entsha Yemboni Yezingodo". Ngomhlaka-2 Novemba 2023, i-National Development and Reform Commission kanye neminye iminyango bakhiphe ngokubambisana "Uhlelo Lweminyaka Emithathu Lokusheshisa Intuthuko 'Yokufaka Ipulasitiki Esikhundleni Sezingodo'". Ngaphezu kwalokho, imibono yokukhuthaza intuthuko yemboni yezingodo iye yavezwa kwezinye izifundazwe ezifana neFujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, njll. Ngaphansi kokuhlanganiswa nokubambisana kwamabhande ahlukahlukene ezimboni, kuye kwethulwa amamodeli amasha okuhweba amalebula ekhabhoni kanye nezinyathelo zekhabhoni.
3, Ungabala kanjani umthelela wekhabhoni wochungechunge lwemboni ye-bamboo?
① Inqubekela phambili yocwaningo mayelana ne-carbon footprint yemikhiqizo yoqalo
Okwamanje, kunocwaningo oluncane kakhulu mayelana nomthamo wekhabhoni wemikhiqizo ye-bamboo ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ngokusho kocwaningo olukhona, umthamo wokugcina wokudlulisa ikhabhoni kanye nokugcina we-bamboo uyahlukahluka ngaphansi kwezindlela ezahlukene zokusebenzisa njengokuvuleka, ukuhlanganiswa, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kabusha, okuholela emiphumeleni ehlukene kumthamo wokugcina wekhabhoni wemikhiqizo ye-bamboo.
② Inqubo yomjikelezo wekhabhoni yemikhiqizo yoqalo kuyo yonke impilo yayo
Umjikelezo wokuphila wonke wemikhiqizo ye-bamboo, kusukela ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwe-bamboo (i-photosynthesis), ukutshalwa nokuphathwa, ukuvuna, ukugcinwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukucutshungulwa nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo, kuya ekuboleni imfucuza (ukubola), usuqediwe. Umjikelezo wekhabhoni wemikhiqizo ye-bamboo kulo lonke umjikelezo wayo wokuphila uhlanganisa izigaba ezinhlanu eziyinhloko: ukutshalwa kwe-bamboo (ukutshala, ukuphathwa, nokusebenza), ukukhiqizwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa (ukuqoqwa, ukuthuthwa, nokugcinwa kwe-bamboo noma amahlumela e-bamboo), ukucutshungulwa nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo (izinqubo ezahlukahlukene ngesikhathi sokucubungula), ukuthengiswa, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nokulahla (ukubola), okubandakanya ukufakwa kwe-carbon, ukuqongelela, ukugcinwa, ukuthuthwa kwempahla, kanye nokukhishwa kwe-carbon okuqondile noma okungaqondile esigabeni ngasinye (bheka Umfanekiso 3).
Inqubo yokutshala amahlathi e-bamboo ingabhekwa njengesixhumanisi "sokuqongelela nokugcina ikhabhoni", okubandakanya ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuqondile noma okungaqondile okuvela emisebenzini yokutshala, yokuphatha, kanye nokusebenza.
Ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe kuyisixhumanisi sokudlulisa ikhabhoni esixhumanisa amabhizinisi amahlathi kanye namabhizinisi okucubungula imikhiqizo ye-bamboo, futhi kuhilela nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuqondile noma okungaqondile ngesikhathi sokuvuna, ukucubungula kokuqala, ukuthuthwa, kanye nokugcinwa kwamahlumela e-bamboo noma e-bamboo.
Ukucutshungulwa nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo kuyinqubo yokuthathwa kwekhabhoni, ehilela ukufakwa kwekhabhoni isikhathi eside emikhiqizweni, kanye nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuqondile noma okungaqondile okuvela ezinqubweni ezahlukahlukene njengokucubungula amayunithi, ukucutshungulwa komkhiqizo, kanye nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo olandelanayo.
Ngemva kokuba umkhiqizo ungene esigabeni sokusetshenziswa kwabathengi, ikhabhoni igcinwa ngokuphelele emikhiqizweni yoqalo njengefenisha, izakhiwo, izidingo zansuku zonke, imikhiqizo yephepha, njll. Njengoba impilo yesevisi ikhula, umkhuba wokukhipha ikhabhoni uzokwandiswa kuze kube yilapho ulahlwa, ubole futhi ukhiphe i-CO2, bese ubuyela emkhathini.
Ngokusho kocwaningo lukaZhou Pengfei et al. (2014), amabhodi okusika uqalo ngaphansi kwendlela yokuvuleka kwe-bamboo athathwa njengento yocwaningo, kanti "Incazelo Yokuhlola Yokukhishwa Kwegesi Eshisayo Yezimpahla Nezinsizakalo Kumjikelezo Wokuphila" (PAS 2050:2008) yamukelwa njengendinganiso yokuhlola. Khetha indlela yokuhlola ye-B2B ukuze uhlole ngokuphelele ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide kanye nokugcinwa kwe-carbon yazo zonke izinqubo zokukhiqiza, okuhlanganisa ukuthuthwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukucubungula umkhiqizo, ukupakisha, kanye nokugcina impahla (bheka Umfanekiso 4). I-PAS2050 ibeka ukuthi ukulinganiswa kwe-carbon footprint kufanele kuqale ekuthuthweni kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, kanye nedatha yezinga eliyinhloko lokukhishwa kwe-carbon kanye nokudluliswa kwe-carbon kusuka ezintweni zokusetshenziswa, ukukhiqizwa kuya ekusakazweni (B2B) kwamabhodi okusika uqalo oluhambayo kufanele kulinganiswe ngokunembile ukuze kunqunywe usayizi we-carbon footprint.
Uhlaka lokulinganisa umthelela wekhabhoni wemikhiqizo ye-bamboo kuyo yonke impilo yayo
Ukuqoqwa kanye nokulinganiswa kwedatha eyisisekelo yesigaba ngasinye somjikelezo wokuphila komkhiqizo we-bamboo kuyisisekelo sokuhlaziywa komjikelezo wokuphila. Imininingwane eyisisekelo ifaka phakathi ukuhlala ezweni, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ahlukene (amalahle, uphethiloli, ugesi, njll.), ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezahlukahlukene, kanye nedatha yezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokugeleza kwamandla okuvelayo. Yenza ukulinganiswa kwe-carbon footprint yemikhiqizo ye-bamboo kulo lonke umjikelezo wayo wokuphila ngokuqoqwa kwedatha kanye nokulinganiswa.
(1) Isigaba sokutshalwa kwehlathi le-bamboo
Ukumuncwa kanye nokuqongelela kwekhabhoni: ukuhluma, ukukhula kanye nentuthuko, inani lamahlumela amasha e-bamboo;
Ukugcinwa kwekhabhoni: isakhiwo sehlathi le-bamboo, izinga lokuma kwe-bamboo, isakhiwo sobudala, i-biomass yezitho ezahlukahlukene; I-biomass yongqimba lwezibi; Ukugcinwa kwekhabhoni yemvelo yomhlabathi;
Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni: ukugcinwa kwekhabhoni, isikhathi sokubola, kanye nokukhishwa kwemfucuza; Ukuphefumula kwenhlabathi ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni; Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla angaphandle kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezifana nomsebenzi, ugesi, amanzi kanye nomanyolo wokutshala, ukuphatha, kanye nemisebenzi yebhizinisi.
(2) Isigaba sokukhiqizwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe
Ukudluliswa kwekhabhoni: ivolumu yokuvuna noma ivolumu yehlumela le-bamboo kanye ne-biomass yazo;
Ukubuya kwekhabhoni: izinsalela ezivela ekugawulweni kwezihlahla noma ezitshalweni zoqalo, izinsalela zokucubungula eziyinhloko, kanye ne-biomass yazo;
Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni: Inani lokukhishwa kwekhabhoni okukhiqizwa amandla angaphandle kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, njengokusebenza namandla, ngesikhathi sokuqoqwa, ukucubungula kokuqala, ukuthuthwa, ukugcinwa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamahlumela e-bamboo noma e-bamboo.
(3) Isigaba sokucubungula nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo
Ukususwa kwekhabhoni: i-biomass yemikhiqizo yoqalo kanye nemikhiqizo engaphansi kwayo;
Ukubuya noma ukugcinwa kwekhabhoni: ukucubungula izinsalela kanye ne-biomass yazo;
Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni: Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okukhiqizwa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwangaphandle njengabasebenzi, amandla, izinto ezisetshenziswayo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ngesikhathi sokucubungula iyunithi, ukucutshungulwa komkhiqizo, kanye nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo olandelanayo.
(4) Isigaba sokuthengisa nokusetshenziswa
Ukususwa kwekhabhoni: i-biomass yemikhiqizo yoqalo kanye nemikhiqizo engaphansi kwayo;
Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni: Inani lokukhishwa kwekhabhoni okukhiqizwa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwangaphandle njengokuthutha kanye nabasebenzi abavela emabhizinisini ukuya emakethe yokuthengisa.
(5) Isigaba sokulahla
Ukukhishwa Kwekhabhoni: Ukugcinwa Kwekhabhoni Kwemikhiqizo Kadoti; Isikhathi sokubola kanye nenani lokukhululwa.
Ngokungafani nezinye izimboni zamahlathi, amahlathi e-bamboo athola ukuzivuselela ngemva kokugawula nokusetshenziswa kwesayensi, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuphinda kutshalwe amahlathi. Ukukhula kwamahlathi e-bamboo kusesilinganisweni sokukhula esiguquguqukayo futhi kungaqhubeka nokumunca ikhabhoni engaguquki, kuqongelele futhi kugcine ikhabhoni, futhi kuqhubeke nokuthuthukisa ukuthuthwa kwekhabhoni. Ingxenye yezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-bamboo ezisetshenziswa emikhiqizweni ye-bamboo ayinkulu, futhi ukuthuthwa kwekhabhoni isikhathi eside kungatholakala ngokusebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-bamboo.
Okwamanje, akukho ucwaningo olwenziwe mayelana nokulinganiswa komjikelezo wekhabhoni wemikhiqizo ye-bamboo kuyo yonke impilo yayo. Ngenxa yesikhathi eside sokukhishwa kwekhabhoni ngesikhathi sokuthengiswa, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nokulahla imikhiqizo ye-bamboo, kunzima ukuyilinganisa. Empeleni, ukuhlolwa kokukhishwa kwekhabhoni kuvame ukugxila emazingeni amabili: elilodwa ukulinganisa ukugcinwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokukhishwa kwayo enkambisweni yokukhiqiza kusukela ezintweni zokusetshenziswa kuya emikhiqizweni; elesibili ukuhlola imikhiqizo ye-bamboo kusukela ekutshalweni kuya ekukhiqizweni.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba 17-2024
