Ngubani owasungula ukuphazamiseka? Yini amanye amaqiniso amancane ajabulisayo?

I-Papermaking ingesinye sezinto ezine ezinhle kakhulu zeChina. E-Western Han Dynasty, abantu babevele bayiqonda indlela eyisisekelo yokuphanga. E-Eastern Han Dynasty, i-Eunuch Cai Lun ifingqemeze isipiliyoni sabandulelayo bakhe futhi bathuthukise inqubo yokuphambana, yathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yephepha. Kusukela lapho, ukusetshenziswa kwephepha kuye kwanda kakhulu. Iphepha lithathe indawo kancane kancane ama-bamboo kanye nosilika, baba yizinto zokubhala ezisetshenziswa kabanzi, futhi futhi lula ukusakazeka kwama-classics.

I-Papermang ye-Cai Lun ethuthukisiwe yakha inqubo ebaluleke kakhulu ye-papermaking, engafungelwa ngokulinganayo kulezi zinyathelo ezi-4 ezilandelayo:
Ukwahlukana: Sebenzisa indlela yokubamba kabusha noma ukubilisa ukwehlisa izinto zokwakha e-Alkali Solution futhi uzisakaze zibe yimicu.
Ukuphambuka: sebenzisa izindlela zokusika kanye nezindlela ezishayayo ukusika imicu futhi zinze umshanelo ukuze abe yipulp yephepha.
I-Papermaking: yenza iphepha ucer amanzi abuyele amanzi, bese usebenzisa i-scoop yephepha (i-bamboo mat) ukufaka ipulpiti, ukuze ipulp ihlanganiswe ephepheni libe ngamashidi amancane wephepha elincanyana.
Ukomisa: yomisa iphepha elimanzi elangeni noma emoyeni, bese uyikhahlela ukuze wenze iphepha.

Umlando We-Papermacking: Ukuphambuka emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele kwadlula kusuka eChina. Ukusungulwa kwe-papermang kungenye yeminikelo enkulu yaseChina kwimpucuko yezwe. Engqungqutheleni yama-20 yenhlangano yomlando wamazwe omhlaba owabanjwa kuMalmedy, eBelgium kusuka ngo-Agasti 18 kuya ku-22, 1990, ochwepheshe, ama-Cai Lun avumelane nalowo umsunguli omkhulu we-papermang kanye neChina kwakuyizwe elasungulwa ukuphazamiseka.

Ukubaluleka kokuphambana: Ukusungulwa kwamaphepha abhekene nakho kusikhumbuza ngokubaluleka kokusungulwa kwesayensi nezobuchwepheshe. Esezinhlelweni zokusungula iphepha, i-cai lun isebenzise izindlela ezahlukahlukene ezintsha nobuchwepheshe ukwenza ukukhanya kwamaphepha, ezomnotho futhi okulula ukulondolozwa. Le nqubo ikhombisa indima esemqoka yokwenziwa kwesayensi kanye nezobuchwepheshe ekuthuthukiseni inqubekela phambili yezenhlalo. Emphakathini wanamuhla, ubuchwepheshe besayensi nobuchwepheshe buye baba yibutho elibalulekile ukukhuthaza intuthuko yenhlalo. Njengabafundi basekolishi, kudingeka siqhubeke nokuhlola futhi sisungule ukubhekana nezinguquko nezinselelo zenhlalo ezihlala zishintsha njalo.